FRENECTOMY
INTRODUCTION A f renum is a fold of mucous membrane, usually with enclosed muscle fibers, that attaches the lips and cheeks to the alveolar mucosa and/or gingiva and underlying periosteum. Frenum problem most often occurs on the labial surface between the maxillary and mandibular central incisors and in canine and premolar areas. They occur less often on the lingual surface of the mandible. The frena may also affect the gingival health by causing a gingival recession when they are attached too closely to the gingival margin, either because of an interference with the proper placement of a toothbrush or through the opening of the gingival crevice because of a muscle pull. AETIOLOGY The maxillary labial frenum develops as a post-eruptive remnant of the ectolabial bands which connect the tubercle of the upper lip to the palatine papilla. When the 2 central incisors erupt widely separated, no bone is deposited inferior to the frenum. A V-shaped bony cleft between the tw